Cryptophyte Systematics
Genus | Biliprotein | Position of Nucleomorph | Furrow-Gullet System | IPC | SPC | Rhizostyle | Additional Features | Reference |
Baffinella | PE566 (or PE545) | free | combination | hexagonal plates | ? | non-keeled | Daugbjerg et al. (2018) | |
Chroomonas | PC630 | free? | gullet | stepped hexagonal plates | plates? | ? | thylakoids traverse pyrenoid matrix | Hansgirg (1885), Hoef-Emden (2018) |
"Chroomonas", former definition | PC645 or PC630 | free | forked gullet | stepped rectangular plates | fibrils, plates | ? | thylakoids traverse pyrenoid matrix | Gantt (1971), Santore (1977, 1984) |
Cryptomonas (cryptomorph) | PE566 | free | combination | polygonal plates | fibrils | non-keeled | dimorphic cultures | Ehrenberg (1831, 1832, 1838), Hill (1991a) |
Cryptomonas (campylomorph, formerly separate genera Campylomonas and Chilomonas [colourless]) | PE566 or leucoplast | free | combination | sheet | fibrils | keeled | dimorphic cultures | Ehrenberg (1831, 1832, 1838), Hill (1991a), Hoef-Emden and Melkonian (2003) |
Falcomonas | PC569 | free | furrow | stepped hexagonal plates | fibrils, plates | ? | Hill (1991b) | |
Geminigera | PE545 | embedded in nucleus | combination | sheet | fibrils | keeled | deeply bilobed plastid with two pyrenoids | Hill (1991a) |
Goniomonas | phagotrophic | — | furrow + cytopharynx | longitudinal plates | longitudinal plates | non-keeled | flagella with "spikes" (modified flagellar hairs) and long fibrils; more creeping than swimming | von Stein (1878), Mignot (1965), Mignot et al. (1968) |
Guillardia | PE545 | free | gullet | sheet? | longitudinal plates | keeled | Hill and Whetherbee (1990) | |
Hanusia | PE545 | free | furrow | sheet | rosulate scales | keeled | Deane et al. (1998) | |
Hemiarma | heterotrophic | — | shallow depression | large longitudinal plates, covering only part of cell | longitudinal plates? | ? | heterotrophic, creeping along surfaces | Shiratori and Ishida (2016) |
Hemiselmis | PC577, PC612, PC630 or PE555 | free | short gullet | hexagonal plates | hexagonal plates | non-keeled | thylakoids traverse pyrenoid matrix | Parke (1949), Santore (1977), Lane and Archibald (2008) |
Komma | PC645 | free | gullet | stepped hexagonal to rectangular plates | plates | ? | Geitler (1924), Hill (1991b) | |
Plagioselmis | PE545 | free | furrow | hexagonal plates, tail without plates | ? | ? | Butcher (1967), Novarino et al. (1994) | |
Proteomonas (1n) | PE545 | free | furrow | hexagonal plates | hexagonal plates | non-keeled | dimorphic culture | Hill and Whetherbee (1986) |
Proteomonas (2n) | PE545 | free | furrow | sheet | fibrils + rosulate scales | keeled | dimorphic culture | Hill and Whetherbee (1986) |
Rhinomonas | PE545 | embedded in pyrenoid | gullet | hexagonal plates | hexagonal plates, fibrils | ? | Hill and Whetherbee (1988) | |
Rhodomonas (= Pyrenomonas) | PE545 | embedded in pyrenoid | combination | rectangular plates | fibrils | keeled | Karsten (1898), Santore (1984), Hill and Whetherbee (1989) | |
Storeatula | PE545 | embedded in pyrenoid | gullet | sheet | fibrils | keeled | Hill (1991a) | |
Teleaulax | PE545 | free | furrow | sheet | fibrils + rosulate scales | keeled | Hill (1991a) | |
Urgorri | PE545 | free | furrow | sheet | ? | keeled | Laza-Martínez (2012) |
Genera sorted in alphabetical order. Additional ultrastructural characters and biliproteins summarized in Clay and Kugrens (1999), Novarino (2003). (1n), Proteomonas haplomorph; (2n), Proteomonas diplomorph; combination, combination of furrow and gullet; embedded, nucleomorph embedded in pyrenoid matrix; IPC, inner periplast component; keeled, keeled rhizostyle (posteriorly directed microtubular root of the flagellar root system) with wing-like appendages; PC, phycocyanin; PE, phycoerythrin; SPC, surface periplast component; ?, not mentioned or examined.